Direct Patterning of Conductive Structures on Hydrogels by Laser?Based Graphitization for Supercapacitor Fabrication

Hydrogels have emerged as promising supporting materials for wearable or implantable electronic devices, owing to their high biocompatibility. Among the many techniques patterning conductive structures on materials, laser-based graphitization allows simultaneous synthesis and of structures. Here, it has been demonstrated first time, direct hydrogels by graphitization, application this method fabrication hydrogel-based supercapacitors. Conductive graphitic carbon is formed hydrogel along trajectory laser scanning. One-step supercapacitors achieved irradiation containing both lignin NaCl electrolyte. Notably, areal capacitance fabricated supercapacitor retained after drying swelling, indicating its reusability. The realizes rapid that can be stored in a dry state, providing facile storing delivering energy-storage devices.